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Battle of Cēsis (1919)
The Battle of Cēsis ((ラトビア語:Cēsu kaujas); (エストニア語:Võnnu lahing) Battle of Võnnu; (ドイツ語:Schlacht von Wenden), Battle of Wenden) fought near Cēsis (or Võnnu, Wenden) in June 1919 was a decisive battle in the Estonian War of Independence and the Latvian War of Independence. After heavy fighting Estonian forces repelled German attacks and went on full counter-attack.
==Background==
Latvia had declared independence in 1918, but was unable to stop the advance of the Red Army, resulting in the loss of Riga. The advance of the Red Latvian Riflemen was stopped by the German VI Reserve Corps.〔 The Reserve Corps under general Rüdiger von der Goltz consisted of the ''Baltische Landeswehr'', the Freikorps Iron Division, and the Guard Reserve Division. The Latvian volunteers loyal to the Provisional Government were also placed under the command of the ''Baltische Landeswehr''.〔 On 16 April 1919, the Latvian government of Kārlis Ulmanis was toppled by the Germans, who installed a puppet German Provisional Government of Latvia headed by Andrievs Niedra. However, the Latvian Brigade led by Janis Balodis remained passively under the German command.〔
After recapturing Riga from the Red Army, the VI Reserve Corps continued its advance north. At the same time, the 3rd Estonian Division, having pushed the Soviets out of south Estonia, was advancing into Latvia from the north. Estonia continued to recognise the Ulmanis government, and neither side was ready to back down. On 5 June, fighting started, with the ''Landeswehr'' capturing Cēsis the following day.〔Traksmaa, August: ''Lühike vabadussõja ajalugu'', pages 150-151. Olion, 1992〕 On June 10, with the mediation of the Allies a ceasefire was declared, but talks failed, and on 19 June fighting recommenced.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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